135JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS (JE): A LIFE TAKING DISEASES FOR CHILDRENJapanese encephalitis (JE) is a potentially fatal disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus. (JEV), a mosquitoborne flavivirus, is the most common encephalitis in Asia with around 50,000 cases and 10,000 deaths per year in children below 15 years of age. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain tissue and is usually caused by an infection. The JE virus is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito (Culex tritaeniorhynchus). It cannot be spread from person to person. Pigs and wild water birds play an important role in the spread of JEV. The virus multiplies in infected pigs, leading to very high levels in their blood. Mosquitoes feeding on infected pigs are highly likely to pick up the virus and may then spread it to humans. Symptoms include: headaches, fever, seizures or fits (especially in young children), neck stiffness, drowsiness, confusion and progression to delirium and coma in severe cases. There is no specific treatment for JE disease. Preventive measures include avoidance of outside areas when mosquitoes are most active, from just before and until 2 hours after sunset. Especially avoid areas close to wet lands where birds and feral pigs might be present.montu.mph@gmail.comReview722017Japanese encephalitis,Pigs,Culex tritaeniorhynchusNikunja Kishor MishraMotherTeresa Pharmacy College, SankethikaNagar, Kothuru, Sathupally-507303, Dist. Khammam, T.S. India.